The Victorian Period (1832-1901)

 

The Victorian Period (1832-1901)


āĻ āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ:

👉 ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§­ āϏাāϞেāϰ āϏিāĻĒাāĻšী āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϰোāĻšেāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϰাāύী āĻ­িāĻ•্āϟোāϰি⧟া ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Ž āϏাāϞে āχāϏ্āϟ āχāύ্āĻĄি⧟া āĻ•োāĻŽ্āĻĒাāύিāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ­াāϰāϤী⧟ āωāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻļাāϏāύāĻ­াāϰ āύিāϜ āĻšাāϤে āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ। 

đŸ‘‰ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§Ļ āϏাāϞে āĻ­াāϰāϤে āύীāϞ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϰোāĻšেāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāϏাāύ āϘāϟে।

👉āĻāχ āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻ•্āϏāĻŦāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝ āĻšāϞো-  Symbolism, Medievalism, Sensuousness etc.

👉 Concept of communism (āϏাāĻŽ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āϧাāϰāĻŖা) āĻāχ āϝুāĻ—āĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻ•āϰে।

👉āĻāχ āϝুāĻ—ে Charles Darwin āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ  Theory of Evolution (āĻŦিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻŦাāĻĻ āϤāϤ্āϤ¡) āĻĒ্āϰāϚাāϰিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āϝা āĻ›িāϞ āϧāϰ্āĻŽী⧟ āϚেāϤāύাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏাংāϘāϰ্āώিāĻ•।
👉 In 1833, slaves were declared free .
👉 In 1833, Fabian society was formed .
👉 Bahadur Shah II, (1837–1857) the last Mughal Emperor was deposed in 1858 by the British East India company and exiled to Burma following the War of 1857 after the fall of Delhi to the company troops. His death marks the end of the Mughal dynasty.
👉 ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Š āϏাāϞে āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āĻĄাāϞāĻšে․āϏি āωāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļে āϰেāϞ āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āϚাāϞু āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Ŧ āϏাāϞে(āψāĻļ্āĻŦāϰāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϏাāĻ—āϰেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϚেāώ্āϟা⧟) āĻŦিāϧāĻŦা āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āφāχāύ āĻĒাāϏ āĻ•āϰাāύ।
đŸ‘‰ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§­ āϏাāϞে āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āĻ•্āϝাāύিং āωāĻĒāĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļে āĻĒ্āϰ āĻŽ āĻ•াāĻ—āϜেāϰ āĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰা āĻāĻŦং ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§§ āϏাāϞে āĻĒুāϞিāĻļ āϏাāϰ্āĻ­িāϏ āϚাāϞু āĻ•āϰেāύ।
đŸ‘‰ā§§ā§Žā§Šā§¯-ā§§ā§Žā§Ē⧍ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϚীāύ āĻ“ āĻŦ্āϰিāϟেāύেāϰ āĻŽাāĻে āĻ‹āĻ°ā§Žংঃ āĻ™ā§āϰঁāϏ āĻĄāĻ§ā§Ž āϏংāĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻ āϝুāĻĻ্āϧে āϚীāύ āĻĒāϰাāϜিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻāĻŦং āϝুāĻ•্āϤāϰাāϜ্āϝেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻšংāĻ•ং āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒāϟি āϞিāϜ āĻĻিāϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ āĻšā§Ÿ।
👉 ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Ŧ āϏাāϞে āĻĢ্āϰাāύ্āϏ āϝুāĻ•্āϤāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāĻ•ে āϏ্āϟ্āϝাāϚু āĻ…āĻŦ āϞিāĻŦাāϰ্āϟি āωāĻĒāĻšাāϰ āĻĻে⧟, āϝা ⧧⧝⧍ā§Ē āϏাāϞে āϝুāĻ•্āϤāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰ  āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰ āϜাāϤী⧟ āϏে․āϧ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰে।
👉 āĻ­িāĻ•্āϟোāϰি⧟া ÎŧāϏ (āĻ āϰāĻĒঃā§œā§Žāϰāϧ āĻˆā§Žā§œংং) āĻŦৃāϟেāύেāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦোāϚ্āϚ āϏাāĻŽāϰিāĻ• āĻ–েāϤাāĻŦ। āĻ•āĻŽāύāĻ“ā§ŸেāϞāĻĨāĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĻেāĻļāϏāĻŽূāĻšেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।
👉āĻŦ্āϰিāϟিāĻļ āϰাāϜāĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāϏāĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻšāϞো āϞāύ্āĻĄāύেāϰ ‘āĻŦাāĻ•িংāĻšাāĻŽv āĻĒ্āϝাāϞেāϏ’, āϰাāύী āĻ­িāĻ•্āϟোāϰি⧟া āĻ āĻĒ্āϰাāϏাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰ āĻŽ āϰাāύী āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦāϏāĻŦাāϏ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ।

āĻāϝুāĻ—েāϰ āϤিāύāϜāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻ•āĻŦি āĻšāϞেāύ-




Major poets and authors of the Victorian Period


Lord Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892)


Famous Poems of Tennyson:

  • Oenone (āχāύোāύী: daughter of River-God)
  • Ulysses -āĻ—্āϰীāĻ• āĻŦীāϰ (āĻāχ āύাāĻŽে  James Joyce āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ Novel āφāĻ›ে।)
  • Lotus Eaters (āĻĒāĻĻ্āĻŽ āĻ–েঁāĻ•ো)
  • The Lady of Shalott ( āϤāĻŦে The Lady of the Lake āύাāĻŽে āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤাāϟি āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ āύিāω āĻ•্āϞাāϏিāĻ•্āϝাāϞ āĻĒিāϰিāĻ“āĻĄেāϰ āĻ”āĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏিāĻ• Sir Walter Scott)
  • Locksley Hall (āĻāϰ āύা⧟িāĻ•াāϰ āύাāĻŽ -āĻāĻŽি)
  • Tinhonus ( āϟিāĻĨোāύাāϏ; āϤিāύি āĻŽāϰ্āϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώ ‍āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦি⧟ে āĻ•āϰেāύ āϊāώা āĻĻেāĻŦী Aurora āĻ•ে)
  • The Two Voices
  • The Charge of the light Brigade
  • The Lover’s Tale
  • Morte D’ Arthur (āĻāχ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤাāϟি āĻĒৌāϰāĻŖিāĻ• āϰাāϜা āĻŽāϰ্āϟি āĻĄি āφāϰ্āĻĨাāϰāĻ•ে āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া; āĻāϤে āĻĒৌāϰāĻŖিāĻ• Excaliber āϤāϰāĻŦাāϰিāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।** Morte D’ Arthur āύাāĻŽে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ Prose āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ Middle English Period āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻŦি Sir Thomas Malory)
  • English Idyll
  • Vision of Sin
  • Tears Idle Tears

Famous Elegy (āĻļোāĻ•āĻ—ীāϤি):

In Memoriam  ( āĻāϟি āĻ•āĻŦিāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু Arthur Henny Hallam āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া)

Famous Comedies:

  • The Falcon
  • Queen Marry (āϤāĻŦে Queen Mab āĻšāϞো Shelly’āϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤা)
  • Harlod

 

Famous Quotes of Tennyson:

  1. Sorrows are the best educator.
  2. A man can see farther through a tear than a telescope.
  3.  The old order changeth yielding place to new. (Morte D’ Arthur)

  (āĻāϏেāĻ›ে āύāϤুāύ āĻļিāĻļু, āϤাāĻ•ে āĻ›ে⧜ে āĻĻিāϤে āĻšāĻŦে āϏ্āĻĨাāύ।)

      4. I will never rest from travels

           I will drink life to the lees. (Ulysses)

       5. Authority forgets a dying king. (Morte D’ Arthur)

        6. More things are wrought out by prayers. (Morte D’ Arthur)

        7. Death is the end of life, Ah! Why should life all labour be. (Lotus Eaters)

         8.  Knowledge comes but wisdom lingers. (Locksley Hall)

          9. It is better to have loved and lost

         Than never to have loved at all. (In Memoriam)

          10. Who are wise in love, love most, say least.

 

Robert Browning (1812-1889)

Robert Browning was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic verse, especially dramatic monologues, made him one of the foremost Victorian Poets. āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞেāύ-Italy was my University. He was a famous poet of Dramatic Monologue. (āύাāϟāĻ•ী⧟ āϏ্āĻŦāĻ—āϤোāĻ•্āϤি)।

Titles: The innovator of Dramatic Monologue/ the father of Dramatic Monologue.

āϝে āϏāĻŦ āύাāϟāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϜāύ Speaker āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ• āĻŦা āĻāĻ•াāϧিāĻ• āĻļ্āϰোāϤা āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϤāĻŦে āĻļ্āϰোāϤা āĻ•োāύ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞে āύা Dramatic Monologue āϤাāĻ•ে āĻŦāϞে।

āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻļ্āϰেāώ্āĻ  Dramatic Monologue āĻšāϞো āĻĒāϞ্āϞী āĻ•āĻŦি āϜāϏীāĻŽ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻীāύেāϰ āĻ•āĻŦāϰ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤা।

Books of poems:

  1. Men and Women (āĻ…āĻŽিāϤ্āϰাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ›āύ্āĻĻে/Black Verse)
  2. Dramatic Lyrics
  3. The Ring of the Book

Famous Poems:

  1. My Last Duchess. (āĻŦিāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϤ্āύী)
  2. The Patriot (āϤāĻŦে Patriotism āĻ•āĻŦিāϤাāϟি āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ Sir Walter Scott)
  3. The Ring and the Book (an epic poem)
  4. Andrea Del Sarto
  5. Porphyria’s Lover
  6. A grammarian’s Funeral
  7. Home Thoughts from Abroad (A political Poem)
  8. Rabbi Ben Ezra (āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āχāĻšুāĻĻি āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ; āχāĻšুāĻĻিāĻĻেāϰ āϧāϰ্āĻŽāϝাāϜāĻ•āĻ•ে ‘āϰেāĻŦাāχ’ āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§Ÿ )
  9. Fra Lippo Lippi (āϞিāĻĒ্āĻĒু āϞিāĻĒ্āĻĒি )
  10. The Pied piper of Hamelin
  11. Two In the Campagna
  12. Love Among The Ruins

Famous Quotes:

  1. Ignorance is not innocence but sin (The Inn Album)
  2. So absolutely good is truth
  3. Truth never hurts the taller.

   Oppression makes the wise man mad.

  1. God is in the Heaven

  All is right with the world.

 

 

Matthew Arnold (1822-1888)

 

Matthew Arnold āĻ›িāϞেāύ Victorian āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻļ্āϰেāώ্āĻ  Poet (āĻ•āĻŦি)   Critic (āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāĻ•)।

Title – Melancholic/Elegiac Poet  (āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻĻুঃāĻ–āĻŦাāĻĻী āĻ•āĻŦি- āϝāϤীāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāύাāĻĨ āϏেāύāĻ—ুāĻĒ্āϤ।)

āϤিāύি Oxford  āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟েāϰ ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ Professor of Poetry āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āύিāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ›িāϞেāύ।

He was also a critic and eassayist.

 Famous Books:

  1. The Study of Poetry (āĻāϟি āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ।)
  2. Literature and Dogma
  3. Culture and Anarchy (āĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝāĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ)
  4. Essays in Criticism

Famous Elegies:

  • Thyrsis ( āĻĨাāχāϰ্āϏি; āĻ•āĻŦিāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু Arthur Clough āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া।)
  • Rugby Chapel (āĻ•āĻŦিāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦাāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া। )
  • Heine’s Grave ( āĻ•āĻŦিāϰ āĻ­াāχ Heine āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া। )
  • Howarth’s Churchyard (Charlotte Bronte āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া।)

 

Famous Poems:

  1. Dover Beach (āĻĄোāĻ­াāϰ āϏৈāĻ•āϤ; āĻĄোāĻ­াāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŖাāϞী āĻĢ্āϰাāύ্āϏ āĻ“ āĻŦ্āϰিāϟেāύāĻ•ে āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে।)
  2. Sohrab and Rustom
  3. The Scholar Gypsy (āϝাāϝাāĻŦāϰ āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ)
  4. Cromwell
  5. The Forsaken Merman

Famous Quotes:

  1. Truth sits upon the lips of dying men.
  2. Poetry is the criticism of life. (The Study of Poetry)
  3. Even science will appear incomplete without poetry.
  4. The sea of Faith

          Was once, too, at the full. (Dover Beach)

 

Charles Dickens

āϚাāϰ্āϞāϏ āĻĄিāĻ•েāύ্āϏ āĻ­িāĻ•্āϟোāϰি⧟াāύ āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āϜāύāĻĒ্āϰি⧟ āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ­াāĻŦাāύ āĻ”āĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏিāĻ•। āϤাāϰ āϰāϚāύাāĻ—ুāϞো āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ• āϜāύāĻĒ্āϰি⧟āϤা āĻĒা⧟।

He was the greatest novelist in the Victorian Period

āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ: Sketches By Boz

Famous Novels:

  1. David Copperfield (āφāϤ্āĻŽāϜীāĻŦāύীāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ; āĻāϤিāĻŽ āĻļিāĻļু āĻĄেāĻ­িāĻĄ āĻ•āĻĒাāϰāĻĢিāϞ্āĻĄেāϰ āĻŦ⧜ āĻšā§Ÿে āωāĻ া āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻŦাāĻŦাāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻŽāĻŽ āύিāϰ্āϝাāϤāύেāϰ āĻ•াāĻšিāύী।)
  2. Great Expectations (āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰী⧟ āϚāϰিāϤ্āϰ – Pip, Miss Havidham, Estella; āĻĒিāĻĒ āύাāĻŽে āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦাāϞāĻ•েāϰ āĻŦ⧜ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻ“āĻ াāϰ āĻ—āϞ্āĻĒ।)
  3. A Tale of Two Cities (āĻĻুāχ āĻļāĻšāϰ- āϞāύ্āĻĄāύ āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϝাāϰিāϏ; āĻĢāϰাāϏি āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώিāϤে āϞেāĻ–া; āĻ•িāύ্āϤু A Tale of a āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϟি āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ Jonathon Swift)
  4. Hard Times (āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻ•াāϞীāύ āχংāϞ্āϝাāύ্āĻĄেāϰ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ…āϏ্āĻĨিāϰāϤা āύি⧟ে।)
  5. Oliver Twist (āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦাāϞāĻ•েāϰ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻŦিāώāĻš āϜীāĻŦāύ āĻ•াāĻšিāύী āύি⧟ে।)
  6. A Christmas Carol
  7. The Bleak House
  8. The Old Curiosity Shop
  9. The Pickwick Papers
  10. The Mystery of Edwin Drood (āĻāϟি āĻ…āϏāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϤ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ)
  11. Our Mutual Friend
  12. Little Dorrit
  13. The Battle of Life ( āϤāĻŦে The Battle of the Books āύাāĻŽে āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϟি āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ Jonathon Swift)

Famous Quote:

“Charity begins at home and justice begins next door.” – Great Expectations

 

Maxim Gorky

He is the father of Socialist realism (āϏāĻŽাāϜāϤাāύ্āϤ্āϰিāĻ• āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻŦাāĻĻ)

Novels: 1. Mother (āϰুāĻļ āĻ­াāώা⧟ )

  1. My Childhood

 

William Makepeace Thackary

He was an English novelist of the 19th century. He was famous for his satirical works, particularly Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of English Society.

Famous Novels:

  1. Vanity Fair (āĻ Novel āĻāϰ Hero āύেāχ। Vanity Fair Novel āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা England āĻ•ে Satire āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ। āĻāϰ Theme āĻšāϞো : Man’s sinful attachments to worldly things.
  2. The Virginisans : A Tale of the last Century (ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§­-ā§Ģ⧝; āĻāϟি āϤাāϰ Historical Novel)
  3. Catherine : A Story (āĻāϟি āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ)
  4. The Newcomes (first published in 1855)
  5. A Shabby Genteel Story
  6. Pendennis
  7. Men’s Wives
  8. The Rose and the Ring

 

Edward Fitzgerald (āĻĢিāϜাāϰāϞāĻĄ)

He translated Rubaiyat of Omar Khayam into English. (āĻĢাāϰ্āϏি āĻ­াāώাāϰ āĻ•āĻŦি āĻ“āĻŽāϰ āĻ–ৈ⧟াāĻŽেāϰ āϰোāĻŦাāĻ‡ā§ŸাāϤ)

 

John Stuart Mill ( āϜāύ āϏ্āϟু⧟াāϰ্āϟ āĻŽিāϞ)

Books:

  1. On Liberty
  2. Utilitarianism ( āωāĻĒāϝোāĻ—āĻŦাāĻĻ)
  3. A System of Logic
  4. Slavery
  5. Women’s Night
  6. Economic Philosophy

 

Thomas Hardy

Title: Pessimistic Novelist (āĻšāϤাāĻļাāĻŦাāĻĻী)

 āϤাāϰ āϏংāĻ•āϞিāϤ āĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝāĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨেāϰ āύাāĻŽ : Wessex Poems

 āϤাāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤা:  At an Inn (āϏāϰাāχāĻ–াāύা)

Famous Novels:

  1. Tess of the d’Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented (āĻĄাāϰāĻŦাāϰāĻŦিāϞ āĻŦংāĻļেāϰ āĻļāϚি āĻŽে⧟ে āϟেāϏেāϰ āϟ্āϰ্āϝাāϜেāĻĄি; Characters – Tess, Alec, Angel)
  2. The Return of the Native
  3. Jude the Obscure (Hardy exposed his deepest feelings in this bleak, angry novel and stung by the hostile response, he never wrote another.)
  4. The Trumpet Major (āĻāϟি āĻšাāϰ্āĻĄিāϰ āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ; āϟ্āϰাāĻĢাāϞāĻ—াāϰ āϝুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟে āϞেāĻ–া)
  5. A pair of Blue Eyes ( āĻāχ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ āĻ…āĻŦāϞāĻŽ্āĻŦāύে āĻļāĻ°ā§ŽāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āϤাāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ—ৃāĻšāĻĻাāĻš āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϟি āϰāϚāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ।)
  6. Far from the Madding Crowd
  7. The Poor Man and the Lady
  8. The Mayor of Caster bridge
  9. Under the Greenwood Tree ( āϤāĻŦে āĻāχ āĻļিāϰেāύাāĻŽে Shakespere āĻāϰ As You It āύাāϟāĻ•েāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি Song āφāĻ›ে।)
  10. Desperate Remedies

Famous Quotes:  “The Greater the sinner, the greater the saint.”

 

Christina Rossetti

Poems:

  1. A Daughter of Eve
  2. My Dream
  3. Bride Song
  4. Dream Land

 

 

Dante Gabriella Rossetti

 

Poems:

  • Heart Compass
  • Love and Hope
  • Supreme Surrender
  • Nuptial Sleep
  • Redemption

 

R.L Stevenson

 

He was a Scottish writer. English Travelogue āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āϞেāĻ–āĻ•।

Famous Novels:

  1. The Treasure Island
  2. The New Arabian Nights
  3. Kidnapped
  4. Black Arrows.

 

Sir Richard Francis Burton

Famous Novel:

Arabian Nights ( āφāϞিāĻĢ āϞা⧟āϞা)

 

  Benjamin Franklin (āĻŦেāĻž্āϜাāĻŽিāύ āĻĢ্āϰাāĻ™্āĻ•āϞিāύ)

 

āϤিāύি āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻĻাāϰ্āĻļāύিāĻ•

Quotes:

  1. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
  2. Honesty is the best policy.
  3. Admiration is the daughter of ignorance

 

 

Charlotte Bronte

āϤিāύি āĻŦ্āϰুāύāϟি āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻŦ⧜ āĻŽে⧟ে। āϤাāϰ āϜীāĻŦāύী āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ The Life of Charlotte Bronte  āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ – Mrs Gaskell

Novels:

  1. Jane Eyre (āϜেāĻšāύ āĻ†ā§Ÿাāϰ) ( āĻ…āĻŽāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāĻŽেāϰ āĻāχ āφāϤ্āĻŽāϜীāĻŦāύীāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϟি āϤিāύি Cerrer Bell āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰেāύ।)
  2. Shirley
  3. The Professor (āĻāϟি āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ)

 

Emily Bronte

 

āϤিāύি āĻŦ্āϰুāύāϟি āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ ⧍⧟ āĻŽে⧟ে

Her Only Novel:

Wuthering Heights (āĻ…āĻĻাāϰিং)

āĻāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļোāϧāĻĒāϰা⧟āĻŖ āĻĻুāχ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļীāϰ āĻ—āϞ্āĻĒ। āĻāϟি āϤিāύি Ellis Bell  āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽে ( Pen-Name) āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰেāύ।

Famous Poems of Emily:

  1. A Death Scene
  2. Day Dream
  3. A Little While

 

 

Leo Tolstoy

He was a Russian novelist and playwright and political thinker.

Famous plays:

  1. The Power of Darkness
  2. The Fruits of Enlightment

Famous novels:

  1. War and Peace (āĻāϟি āύেāĻĒোāϞি⧟āύেāϰ āϰুāĻļ āĻ…āĻ­িāϝাāύ। āϝুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āϭ⧟াāĻŦāĻšāϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϰ āϏংāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽāχ āĻāχ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏেāϰ āωāĻĒāϜীāĻŦ্āϝ।
  2. Anna Karenina ( āĻāχ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏেāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ“ āύা⧟িāĻ•া : āφāύা; Theme: Adultery/āĻĒāϰāĻ•ী⧟া āĻĒ্āϰেāĻŽেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāύāϤি))
  3. Childhood (āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļিāϤ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ)
  4. Resurrection (āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻļেāώ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ)
  5. The Kingdom of Good is Within You.
  6. A Confession

 

 

George Eliot

Real Name: Mary Ann Evans

(āĻ­িāĻ•্āϟোāϰি⧟াāύ āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻ”āĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏিāĻ• āĻĒুāϰুāώেāϰ āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽে āϞেāĻ–াāϞেāĻ–ি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ। She used a male pen name to ensure her works would be taken seriously; to protect her private life from public inquiry and to prevent scandals attending her relationship with the married George Henry Lewes, with whom she lived for over 20 years.

Famous Novels:

  1. Silas Marner (āϏাāχāϞাāϏ āĻŽাāϰāύাāϰ)
  2. Adam Bede
  3. The Mill on the Floss
  4. Middle March
  5. Romola
  6. Silas Marner

 

Dramatic poem:

The Spanish Gypsy

 

Quote: “No man can be wise on an empty stomach.”

*** Mathew Arnold āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ : The Scholar Gypsy (poem)

     George Eliot āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ : The Spanish Gypsy (poem)

    Rulph Hodgson āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ : Time, You Old Gypsy Man

 

Elizabeth Barret Browning

A Famous Female poet. She was wife of Poet Robert Browning.

Poems:

  1. How do I Love Thee (Sonnet -43)
  2. Grief
  3. Lost Mistress
  4. Consolation
  5. Sonnet from Portuguese

Famous Quote:

  • How do I love thee (you)? Let me count the ways.
  • I love thee dept and breadth and height.

 

 

Charles Robert Darwin

 

He was an English naturalist. He is the Father of theory of the Evolution. (āĻŦিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύāĻ•)

Famous Books:

The Origin of Species

The Origin of Life and Earth

The Decent of Man

 

Famous quote:

“Tomorrow as yesterday only the fittest will survive in the struggle for existence.” ( āĻ…āϤীāϤেāϰ āύ্āϝা⧟ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤেāĻ“ āĻ…āϏ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āϞ⧜াāĻ‡ā§Ÿে āϝোāĻ—্āϝāϤāĻŽāϰাāχ āϟিāĻ•ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে।)

** Sir James Jeans āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ :  The Origin of Life on Earth (prose).

 

 

John Henry Cardinal Newman

He was a leader of the “Oxford Movement”.

Famous Books:

  1. Loss and Gain (āĻāϟি āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ)
  2. The Idea of University

 

  • Idea and Justice āĻāĻŦং Poverty and Famine āύাāĻŽে āĻĻুāϟি āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύীāϤিāĻŦিāĻĻ āĻ…āĻŽāϰ্āϤ্āϝ āϏেāύ (Prose)

 

Gladstone

Titles: Grand Old Man of Britain

(āĻ­াāϰāϤী⧟ āϰাāϜāύীāϤিāĻ• āĻĻাāĻĻাāĻ­াāχ āύāĻ“āϰোāϜিāĻ•ে Grand Old Man of India  āĻŦāϞা  āĻšā§Ÿ)

Famous quote of Gladstone:

“Justice delayed, Justice denied     

  Justice hurried, Justice buried.”

 

Alexandre Dumas

He was a famous novelist of France.

Novels:

  1. Three Musketeers
  2. Twenty Years After
  3. Black Tulip
  4. The Count of Monte Cristo

 

Karl Marz

He was born in Germany but settled in England. He is called ‘The father of Socialism and modern scientific communism’. (āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āϤিāύি āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āĻŦৈāϜ্āĻžাāύিāĻ• āĻ—āĻŖāϏাāĻŽ্āϝāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύāĻ•।)

He was a famous German philosopher and pioneer of Marxism. āϤিāύি ‘āĻĨিāωāϰি āĻ…āĻŦ āϏাāϰāĻĒ্āϞাāϏ āĻ­্āϝাāϞু’ āĻāĻŦং ‘āĻĨিāωāϰি āĻ…āĻŦ āĻāĻ•্āϏāĻĒ্āϞোāϰেāĻļāύ’ āϤāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦāĻ•্āϤা।

āϤাāϰ āϜāύ্āĻŽ ā§Ģ āĻŽে ā§§ā§Žā§§ā§Ž āϏাāϞে āϜাāϰ্āĻŽাāύিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰুāĻļি⧟া⧟ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Š āϏাāϞে āχংāϞ্āϝাāύ্āĻĄে।

Famous Books:

  1. Das Capital
  2. Communist Manifesto
  3. The Holy Family

Famous quotes:

  1. Religion is opium to the people.
  2. āφāϜ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϝāϤ āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ—েāĻ›ে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ•েāϰ āχāϤিāĻšাāϏ āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖি āϏংāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽেāϰ

   āχāϤিāĻšাāϏ।

  1. Men make their own history.

 

** āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•āϏāĻŦাāĻĻী āĻ•āĻŦি āĻŦিāώ্āĻŖু āĻĻে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•āϏāĻŦাāĻĻী āĻ”āĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏিāĻ• āĻŽাāύিāĻ• āĻŦāύ্āĻĻোāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟।

 

Christian Unlerson

He was a Danish author. He is the father of English fairy tales.

His most famous fairy tales:  

 

  1. The Emperor’s New Clothes
  2. The Little Mermaid
  3. The Nightingale
  4. The Snow Queen
  5. The Ugly Duckling

 

Elizabeth Gaskell

Books:

  1. North and South
  2. Wives and Daughters
  3. Mary Barton

 

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

British author and physician

Books:

  1. Sherlock Holmes (detective story)
  2. A study in Secret
  3. The Sign of Four

 

A.S.Hornby

He is famous for Dictionary writing.

 

Kiran Desai

Novel : The Inheritance of Loss (āϞোāĻ•āϏাāύেāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰাāϧিāĻ•াāϰ)

 

Samuel Butler

Famous work: The Way of All Flesh –a semi autobiographical novel. (āϤāĻŦে Restoration āϝুāĻ—েāϰ William Congreve āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ-  The Way of the world)

Famous quote: “Self preservation is the first law of nature.” (āφāϤ্āĻŽāϰāĻ•্āώাāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āφāχāύ।)

 

Oscar Wilde

He was an Irish born novelist and dramatist.

Famous Book and plays:

  1. A Woman of No Importance
  2. An Ideal Husband
  3. The Picture of Dorian Gray
  4. The Importance of Being Earnest (play)
  5. The Selfish Giant
  6. Lady Windermer’s Fan

 

 

Edgar Allan Poe

He is an American Author.

Titles: Father of English Short-Story

          Father of Modern Detective Story (āϤāĻŦে āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻ›োāϟāĻ—āϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āϜāύāĻ• āϰāĻŦীāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāύাāĻĨ āĻ াāĻ•ুāϰ। āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϏাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ• āĻ›োāϟāĻ—āϞ্āĻĒ – āĻĻেāύা āĻĒাāĻ“āύা; āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļিāϤ āĻ›োāϟāĻ—āϞ্āĻĒ – āĻ­িāĻ–াāϰিāύী āĻāĻŦং āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻļেāώ āϞ্āϝাāĻŦāϰেāϟāϰী)

Only Novel:

The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ( a classical adventure story with supernatural)

Famous Poem:

To Helen

āĻāχ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻĒ⧜েāĻ›ে āϜীāĻŦāύাāύāύ্āĻĻ āĻĻাāϏেāϰ “āĻŦāύāϞāϤা āϏেāύ” āĻ•āĻŦিāϤা⧟

Famous short stories:

  1. The Black Cat ( āϤāĻŦে Cat and Mouse āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϟি āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ āϜাāϰ্āĻŽাāύিāϰ āĻ•āĻŦি āĻ—ুāύ্āϟাāϰ āĻ—্āϰাāϏ)
  2. The Tell Tale Heart
  3. The Oval Portrait
  4. The Gold Bug
  5. The Light of House ( āϤāĻŦে To the Light house āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏāϟি āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›েāύ āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻ•āĻŦি āĻ­াāϰ্āϜিāϞিāύা āωāϞāĻĢ)

 

āψāĻļ্āĻŦāϰāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϏাāĻ—āϰ

āϤিāύি āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ—āĻĻ্āϝেāϰ āϜāύāĻ•। āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āĻĄাāϞāĻšৌāϏিāϰ  āĻļাāϏāύাāĻŽāϞে ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Ŧ āϏাāϞেāϰ ⧍ā§Ŧ āϜুāϞাāχ āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāώ্āϟো⧟ āĻŦিāϧāĻŦা āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āφāχāύ āĻĒাāϏ āĻšā§Ÿ। āϚেāĻŽ্āĻŦাāϰ্āϏ āϰāϚিāϤ Rudiments of Knowledge āĻ…āĻŦāϞāĻŽ্āĻŦāύে āĻŦোāϧোāĻĻ⧟ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰাāϚীāύ āĻ—āϞ্āĻĒāĻ•াāϰ āψāĻļāĻĒেāϰ Fables āĻ…āĻŦāϞāĻŽ্āĻŦāύে āĻ•āĻĨাāĻŽাāϞা āϰāϚāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ।

ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧ⧝ āϏাāϞে āϤিāύি āĻļেāĻ•্āϏāĻĒি⧟āϰেāϰ Comedy of Errors āĻāϰ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤিāĻŦিāϞাāϏ āĻ•āϰেāύ

 

āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ•িāĻŽāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āϚāϟ্āϟোāĻĒাāϧ্āϝা⧟

 

āĻŦাংāϞা āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏেāϰ āϜāύāĻ•। Rajmohan’s Wife – āĻāϟি āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ­াāώা⧟ āϰāϚিāϤ āϞেāĻ–āĻ•েāϰ āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏ।

āχংāϰেāϜি Romantic āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ• Thomas De Quincy āĻāϰ “Confession of an English Opium Eater” āϰāϚāύাāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻ•āϰāĻŖে āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ•িāĻŽāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āϤাāϰ āĻ•āĻŽāϞাāĻ•াāύ্āϤেāϰ āĻĻāĻĒ্āϤāϰ āϰāϚāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ।

āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ•িāĻŽāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰেāϰ āφāύāύ্āĻĻāĻŽāĻ  āωāĻĒāύ্āϝাāϏেāϰ āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ āύāϰেāĻļāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āϏেāύāĻ—ুāĻĒ্āϤ   – ‘The Abbey of Bliss’ āύাāĻŽে।

 

Napoleon

 

Famous Quotes:

  1. Give me a good mother; I will give you a good nation.
  2. The career is open to the talents
  • England is a nation of shop keepers.
  1. Impossible is a word to be found only in the dictionary of the fools.

 

Abraham Lincoln

āφāĻŽেāϰিāĻ•াāϰ ā§§ā§Ŧ āϤāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰেāϏিāĻĄেāύ্āϟ āϤিāύি। āϤিāύি āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļী āύীāϤি āϤāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦāĻ•্āϤা। ā§§ā§Ģ āĻāĻĒ্āϰিāϞ ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§Ģ āϏাāϞে āϤিāύি āφāϤāϤা⧟ীāϰ āĻšাāϤে āύিāĻšāϤ āĻšāύ।

āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āωāĻ•্āϤি :

  1. Democracy is the government of the people, by the people, for the people. (ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§Š āϏাāϞেāϰ ⧍⧧ āύāĻ­েāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ ⧍ āĻŽিāύিāϟেāϰ āϏ্āĻĨা⧟ী āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ Gettyburg Address āĻ āϤিāύি āĻ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞেāύ।
  2. With malice towards none, with charity for all. (āĻ•াāϰো āϏাāĻĨে āĻŦৈāϰāϤা āύ⧟, āϏāĻŦাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏৌāĻšাāϰ্āĻĻ্āϝ।)
  3. The ballot is stronger than bullet.
  4. You can fool all the people some of the time, and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the time.
  5. The best way to destroy an enemy is to make him a friend
  6. No man has a good enough memory to be a successful liar.
  7. Marriage is neither heaven nor hell, it is simply purgatory.

 

 

Victor Hugo

Novels:

  1. Leo Miserable
  2. The Hunchback of Notre Dame
  3. Ninety-three

Poems:

  1. Autumn Leaves
  2. Inner Voice
  3. Rays and Shadows
  4. Songs of the Twilight

Short Story:

Claude Gueux

 

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Famous Book: The American scholar

 

Nathaniel Hawthorne

 

Novel: The Scarlet Letter.

 

Walt Whitman

Titles: American National Poet

Books:

  1. Leaves of Grass
  2. Franklin Evans
  3. Drum-Taps
  4. Memoranda During the War
  5. Specimen Days
  6. Democratic Vistas

 

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